Excerpted from
Robert A. Metzger (Editor), "Top Development in Microelectronics in 1998" Compound Semiconductor magazine, vol. 4, No. 9, Dec. 1998, page 22.
...researchers from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and the University of Virginia have reported the first implementation of a terahertz detector utilizing a 2D electronic fluid in a HEMT which operated at 2.5 THz. Called plasma wave, the terahertz radiation is detected by the HEMT as a result of an induced DC drain-to-source voltage proportional to the radiation intensity. [21]
[21] J.-Q. Lü, M. S. Shur, J. L. Hesler, L. Sun, and R. Weikle, "Terahertz Detector Utilizing Two-Dimensional Electronic Fluid", IEEE Electron Dev. Lett., vol. 19, No. 10, pp. 373-375, 1998